A two sided single sheet fact sheet issued jointly by the acaa and the american coal council. The curing sensitivity index was calculated by considering the performances of compressive strength and carbonation depth. Replacement of fine aggregate with bottom ash in concrete and. A total of twelve beams were cast, in which six beams were control reinforced concrete beams and. A one page circa fact sheet, covers the immediate and long term advantages of using fly ash in concrete. Government should encourage the use of bottom ash related products so that bottom ash can be used in huge. Flows of all mixtures were controlled within 45 5% and used foam content at 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70% by volume of mixture. Bottom ash is often used as an aggregate, replacing sand and gravel.
It can be used in road construction, or act as aggregate for concrete. It is sometimes referred as chimney ash and hopper ash. Pdf flexural behaviour of bottom ash geopolymer reinforced. Introduction malaysia is one of the thriving economies and a welldeveloping country in the world. To replace bottom ash for natural sand completely, the mix proportions of bottom ash in concrete was adjusted according to tab density and replacement ratio of polymeric resinpotland cementpc were established. Historically, fly ash has been used in concrete at levels ranging from 15% to 25% by mass of the cementitious material component.
Reduction ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus by the pervious concrete was investigated, and the results were. Bottom ash was also used in the study as an internal curing agent and a partial substitution of fine aggregate. Fly ash booklet for pdf federal highway administration. Bottom ash may be used as raw alternative material, replacing earth or sand or aggregates, for example in road construction and in cement kilns clinker production. Fly ash can be used as a admixture or as replacement of cement. Compressive strength of bottom ash concrete containing 50% bottom ash is acceptable for most structural applications since the observed compressive strength is more than 20 mpa at 28 days. Quality control programs and certification of bottom ash are in progress to ensure production of a marketable product. This study primarily deals with the characteristics of concrete, including compressive strength and. Bottom ash used as fine aggregates replacement enables the large utilization of waste product.
The economic and environmental benefits from incorporation of. Fly ash is the byproduct of the combustion of coal in thermal plants. Pdf the effect of sieved coal bottom ash as a sand. Though the mechanical properties of bottom ash concrete, is not good at the beginning, the pozzolanic. Many european countries are using bottom ash as an alternative to virgin material such as gravel and sand.
Concrete is widely used in domestic, commercial, recreational, rural and. Greatly increased use of fly ash in hydraulic cement. In the united kingdom it is known as furnace bottom ash fba, to distinguish it from. This research focuses on evaluating the feasibility of utilizing bottom ash from coal burning power plants as a fine aggregate in cellular concrete with various foam contents. Pdf utilization of sugarcane bagasse ash in concrete as. The present study focuses on investigating the effect of sugarcane bagasse ash scba as partial replacement of cement and coal bottom ash cba as partial replacement of fine aggregates in concrete. Pdf bottom ash as partial sand replacement in concrete. At 10% replacement level, 56 days compressive strength increased by 5%, compared to control concrete.
Fly ash bottom ash is a heavier, granular material that is collected from the bottom of coalfueled boilers. Production of lightweight concrete using corncob ash as. Bottom ash from mae moh power plant in thailand was used to replace river sand at the rates. The economic and environmental benefits from incorporation. A two page acaa fact sheet addressing the similarities of daytoday recycling and the beneficial use of coal combustion byproducts. Evaluation of the application of bottom ashes from. In general, the boiler ash is mixed with the slags and treated as bottom ash. The use of fly ash makes the concrete less permeable. Coal bottom ash as sustainable material and bottom ash.
Uses, benefits, and drawbacks of fly ash in construction. Water purification characteristics of pervious concrete. Fly ash was identified as a pozzolanand this has lead to the use of fly ash in production of concrete which improves many qualities of concrete. Pdf bottom ash as partial sand replacement in concrete a. The specific surface blaine of the cement was 4,050 m 2 kg. Recently, even a quality certificate was established in germany 4. The last 50 years has seen the use of fly ash in concrete grow dramatically with close to 15 million tons used in concrete, concrete products and grouts in the u. As developing country, living with around 80% farmers. Pulse velocity, drying shrinkage and microstructural tests are performed.
Experimental study on properties of concrete using bottom ash. Reduction ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus by the pervious concrete was investigated, and the results were discussed with filtering and adsorption effects. Ground bottom ash, a waste material derived from combustion of coal, which presents a disposal problem, replaces part of the cement in a cementitious material useful in concretes and mortars and provides compressive strengths in concretes comparable with or better than corresponding cements in which there is no replacement of cement by ground bottom ash and cements containing fly ash. Influence of bottom ash replacements as fine aggregate on. Bottom ash fact sheet use of the inert fraction after 6 to 20 weeks of ageing following metal recovery, the bottom ash is stable and suitable for utilisation. Furthermore, restrained shrinkage tests indicated reduced restraint stresses for the mortars containing prewetted bottom ash as well as a significant delay in the onset of shrinkage cracking. Fly ash has been used in roadways and interstate highways since the early 1950s. However, bottom ash is by no means a chemically inert material, and its composition and properties may vary in a wide range 5. Road construction projects using pcc can use a great deal of concrete, and substituting fly ash provides significant economic. One of the most common uses of fly ash is in portland cement concrete pavement or pcc pavement.
Greatly increased use of fly ash in hydraulic cement concrete hcc for pavement layers and transportation structures volume i final report to research consortium led by purdue university and funded by fhwa march 2012 prepared by karthik h. The tanjung bin power plant reported that about 18,000 tonsday of coal is used to. Rcc can be of particular interest in base course applications combing attractive cost with easiness of construction. D\souza published on 20170810 download full article with reference data and citations. There is the potential use of bottom ash as a fine aggregate replacement in concrete mixtures. Bottom ash generated in the municipal solid waste msw incineration process may consist of noncombustible inorganics, unburned carbon, and combustion ash, depending on the composition of the waste and the type of incinerators. Compressive, flexural and tensile strengths of the concrete are determined. The economic and environmental benefits from incorporation of coal bottom ash in concrete 20 bumanis, g. Evaluation of processed bottom ash for use as lightweight. Bottom ash conversion options and economics 3 wet bottom ash ba material handling systems and surface impoundments are presently regarded as the industry standard and are certainly the most commonly used method in the coal fired power industry around the world today. Heavy use areas other uses approaches to using fly ash.
Replacement of fine aggregate with bottom ash in concrete and investigation on compressive strength written by dr. Intended use of the product fly ash and bottom ash are used as a supplementary cementitious or pozzolanic material for cement, concrete and concrete products. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on the effect of sieved coal bottom ash as a substitute for natural sand on the properties of concrete, when an extra 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% weight of cement was added. It describes the basics of fly ash, what it is, how it is used, how it. User guideline for coal bottom ash and boiler slag in green. Uses of bottom ash in the replacement of fine aggregate for. Bottom ash is a glassy, porous, dark gray material with a grain size similar like a sand or gravelly sand2,3. Influence of bottom ash replacements as fine aggregate on the. And then testing for slump, setting time, and compressive strength was conducted. Bottom ash is a coal plant byproduct that is abundant and underutilized. Pdf processed bottom ash for replacing fine aggregate in.
Characterization of bottom ash from municipal solid waste. User guideline for coal bottom ash and boiler slag. Us5849075a cementitious composition containing bottom. University of kentucky center for applied energy research. Charah solutions designs, builds and operates processing systems that produce highly customized beneficiated aggregates from coalfired bottom ash. Utilization of sugarcane bagasse ash in concrete as partial replacement of cement. Evaluation of processed bottom ash for use as lightweight aggregate in the production of concrete masonry units. Pdf a feasibility study of incorporating bottom ash in. Concrete with bottom ash and fly ash added as replacement for sand and cement, respectively. Effect of coal bottom ash as partial replacement of sand. Materials for the production of concrete, the following materials were selected. The balance about 20 percent of ash gets collected at the bottom of the boiler and is taken out by suitable technologies and is referred as bottom ash.
Bottom ash can be used as concrete aggregate or for several other civil engineering applications where sand, gravel and crushed stone are used. Charah solutions is a successful marketer of processed bottom ash products to the construction materials industry. Other materials like incenerator bottom ash 7, sludge ash 9, corn cob ash 1 and the like are possible pozolanic materials that can be used for production of lightweight concrete. Roller compacted concrete as a pavement material has been gaining acceptance over the past years.
Bottom ash potential use in selfcompacting concrete as fine aggregate article pdf available in journal of engineering and applied sciences 114. Other major uses for bottom ash include constructing. Replacement of fine aggregate with bottom ash in concrete. Using coal bottom ash and boiler slag in green infrastructure construction introduction this document provides a comprehensive overview of the engineering and construction properties of bottom ash and boiler slag for use in asphalt concrete aggregate, granular base, stabilized base aggregate, and embankmentbackfill material.
The american coal ash association estimates that approximately 43 percent of the coal ash currently produced is beneficially reused american coal ash association, 20. Furthermore, restrained shrinkage tests indicated reduced restraint stresses for the mortars containing prewetted bottom ash as well as a. Effect of cement types, mineral admixtures, and bottom ash. Water impounded bottom ash hoppers, located under the boiler throat are used to. Pdf investigation of coal bottom ash and fly ash in. Provided is a chart giving energy savings and life cycle impacts of one ton of fly ash used in concrete. Fly ash, lignite coal fly ash, subbituminous coal fly ash, anthracite coal fly ash, bituminous coal fly ash, bottom ash, ash synonyms. According to test results, the compressive strength of concrete using the bottom ash was. Reaction can form a hard concrete like product fly ash extracted from flue gases still chemically reactive tan to darkgray powder very fluid and difficult to handle bottom ash removed from bottom of combustion chamber has been exposed to water and already reacted chemically consistency like course sand or fine gravel. A noticeable other use is as growing medium in horticulture usually after sieving.
Bottom ass concrete fly ash construction aggregate. The results also indicate that this incorporation could minimize the potential of environmental problems. Bottom ash and boiler slag can be used as aggregates in hot mix asphalt base courses or wearing surfaces, emulsified asphalt cold mix bases or surfaces, and asphalt surface treatments or seal coats. This study primarily deals with the characteristics of concrete, including compressive strength and workability. Properties of concrete with municipal solid waste incinerator. The water purification characteristics of pervious concrete fabricated with calcium sulfoaluminate cement and coal bottom ash aggregate are investigated.
Strength enhancement of bottom ashbased polymer concretes. Effect of coal bottom ash as sand replacement on the properties of concrete with different wc ratio international journal of advanced technology in civil engineering, issn. However, longterm shrinkage was significantly reduced for the mixes containing bottom ash, on the order of 50%. Fly ash can be used as prime material in many cementbased products, such as poured concrete, concrete block, and brick. Kurama and kaya 2008 studied the effect of bottom ash as partial replacement of cement in concrete and observed that compressive strength increased with increase in amount of bottom ash replacement up to 10%.
The present work deals with flexural behavior of bottom ash geopolymer reinforced concrete beam. Experimental study on properties of concrete using bottom. The curing sensitivity of concrete with cement types 1, 3, and 5 as well as multiple powders consisting of cement, fly ash, and limestone powder was studied. The coal bottom ash was ground in a ball mill up to a blaine fineness of 3,463 m 2 kg, similar to that of the portland cement 58% residue on 45.
Pdf study on the performance of concrete using sugarcane. Bottom ash is often used as an ingredient in manufacturing concrete blocks. Uses of bottom ash in the replacement of fine aggregate. It is nowadays used in cement, concrete and other cement based applications in india. Singh and siddique 1 also reported that coal bottom ash is the potentially viable material to be used as fine aggregate in the production of concrete. Bottom ash from municipal solid waste incineration mswi has proven to be a suitable civil construction material in many applications.
Effect of cement types, mineral admixtures, and bottom ash on. In 1974, the federal highway administration encouraged the use of fly ash in concrete pavement with notice n 5080. When fly ash alone or alongwith bottom ash is carried to storage or. Characterization of bottom ash from municipal solid waste incineration as a possible element in concrete investigation of the compressive strength and leaching properties master of science thesis in the master degree program, innovative and sustainable chemical engineering lina hansson department of chemistry and chemical engineering.
1174 1244 1381 830 164 280 1299 247 1328 1321 1284 722 1314 1118 934 1509 236 898 302 522 1353 1491 645 817 298 1211 1480 819 770 1229 1330 864 753 79